Adding Exclusions to Windows Security
Diterjemahkan oleh Arunika, asisten AI InfiArtt, dari artikel asli karya Walter: Menambahkan Pengecualian (Exclusion) pada Windows Security. Artikel ini diterjemahkan dengan bantuan AI dan telah ditinjau sebelum terbit. Apabila Anda menemukan kesalahan terjemahan, mohon beri tahu kami. Tentang penggunaan AI di InfiArtt
Berlaku Untuk:
- Windows 10 (All Editions: Home, Pro, Enterprise)
- Windows 11 (All Editions: Home, Pro, Enterprise)
- Compatible with screen readers: NVDA, JAWS, and Windows Narrator
Prasyarat:
- The computer is turned on and running normally.
- The Windows account has Administrator access rights (required to change system security settings).
- The built-in Windows antivirus (Microsoft Defender Antivirus) is active.
- You have identified the path, file name, extension, or process name that you want to exclude.
Masalah
Microsoft Defender often detects certain files, project folders, scripts, or applications as threats (false positive) and automatically blocks or deletes them. Screen reader users need precise keyboard navigation guidance to access the Windows Security menu and add exclusions to files, folders, file types, or process names without disabling antivirus protection entirely.
Langkah Penyelesaian
1
. Press the Windows key, then type "windows security".
2
. Press the Enter key to immediately open the Windows Security app (or use the Down Arrow to ensure focus is on the "Windows Security App" search result, then press Enter).
3
. Once the window opens, use the Tab key repeatedly until the screen reader says "Virus & threat protection", then press Enter.
4
. Press the Tab key repeatedly until you find "Manage settings" (located under the Virus & threat protection settings section), then press Enter.
5
. Press the Tab key again until you find "Add or remove exclusions" (located under the Exclusions section), then press Enter.
- UAC Note: If a User Account Control (UAC) dialog appears requesting administrator permission, press Alt + Y to approve.
6
. On the Exclusions page, press the Tab key until the focus is on the "Add an exclusion" button (or a similar menu button), then press Enter or Space to open the drop-down menu.
7
. Use the Down Arrow or Up Arrow keys to select one of the exclusion types:
- File: To exclude a specific file.
- Folder: To exclude an entire folder and its contents.
- File type: To exclude specific extension formats (e.g., .exe, .log, .tmp).
- Process: To exclude a running application process based on its executable filename.
8
. Press Enter on the desired option:
- If choosing File or Folder: The file explorer dialog box (Open/Select Folder dialog) will open. Navigate to the target file/folder using the folder tree, item list, or paste its path into the File name / Folder input box, then press Enter or select the Open / Select Folder button.
- If choosing File type or Process: A small input dialog box will appear. Type the file extension (e.g., exe or .bat) or the application process name (e.g., myapp.exe), then press Tab to the Add button and press Enter.
Verifikasi
- Active Exclusions List: Press Tab or Shift + Tab on the Exclusions page. The screen reader will read out the name of the file, folder, extension, or process that has just been added to the Exclusions list.
- Antivirus Status: Run or reopen the file/application that was previously blocked. The file can now be opened normally without being intercepted or deleted by Windows Security.
Jebakan
- System Security: Only add exclusions for files or programs whose sources you truly trust. Excluding folders broadly (such as the entire C: drive) can make your computer vulnerable to real malware.
- Focus Trapped in UAC Dialog: When clicking the Add or remove exclusions link, if the screen reader suddenly stops reading and the interface does not respond to the Tab key, the system is waiting for a UAC dialog response. Press Alt + Y or use Alt + Tab to find the permission confirmation window.
- Folder Dialog vs File Dialog: When selecting the Folder type, the file explorer dialog box will only display folders and hide individual files within them. Make sure you press the Select Folder button, rather than trying to select a file inside that folder.